Pusat Pengajian Sains Marin & Sekitaran

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Digestive enzyme profiles of forgut and their differential between sexes of blue swimming crab, portunus pelagicus at Gelang Patah
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2014) Nordiana Pilus
Blue swimming crab, Portunus pelagicus consumed variety kind of food as their diet. The study shows that their dietary items are molluscs, crabs and seagrass, including unidentified items that semi-digested. They are categorized as cannibalism because they consumed other crabs where the parts of crab's appendages were found in their foregut. They are omnivore group, as they eat other animal, they also consumed plants. Amylase, protease, and trypsin were detected in all sample and stages, except lipase, indicate that P. pelagicus readily digest dietary protein and carbohydrate at all stages. The changes in enzyme activities between stages reflect the changes in natural diet and feeding abilities. High proteolytic activity reflects a diet high in protein as show by matured males (MA). Meanwhile, carbohydrase activity reflects a diet with starch or cellulose that consumed by all stages especially matured males (MA), females with ovarian stage two (S2) and immature males (IM). And the high lipase activity reflects a diet high in fat as shows by female with ovarian stage four (S4).
Identification of tenualosa SP. in Perak Riever using morphometric measurement, meristic count and coi gene analysis
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2014) Muhammad Faiz Zakaria
Tenualosa tali and Tenualosa macrura can be found in Sarawak water and have higher commercial value in Malaysia (Blaber et al., 1996; Phillip, 2001). According to Perikanan (2012), Tenualosa sp. also can be found in Perak River, but the species of this genus still 1midentified. All samples were collected using net in December 2013 and February 2014 and the species was identified based on distinguished character of morphological and meristic count. DNA was extracted from five sample of Tenualosa sp. PCR amplification of 600 bp partial fragment of CO 1 gene was amplified using CO 1 marker. This PCR fragment was then sequenced and analysed using Mega version 5. The result from BLAST showed that there are the sequences have high similarity with CO 1 gene. The phylogenetic analysis was constructed using Neighbour Joining tree and Maximum Likelihood tree.
Heavy metals analyses of green turtle 9chelonia mydas) eggs in Terengganu, Malaysia
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2014) Shahidatina Aishah Abdul Mutalib
Heavy metals have been reported in sea turtles at various stages of their life cycle including sea turtle eggs. This contaminant can disrupt embryonic development and growth of wildlife. Furthermore, in areas such as Terengganu where the human consumption of sea turtle eggs are still common and the egg contamination may have implications to the public health. In the present study, the purpose was to determine the concentration of heavy metals in green turtle eggs (Chelonia mydas) as well as to compared the concentration of heavy metals between green turtle eggs sold at Pasar Payang and freshly laid eggs from Chagar Hutang, Redang Island. Each egg was divided into three compartments (egg shell, albumen and egg yolk) and were analyzed for heavy metals of Mn, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb
Nutritional analysis of jackfruit seed extract enriched with lecithin and artemia biomass fed with jackfruit seed extract enriched with lecithin
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2014) Nur Amirah Zakaria
Based on the previous study, jackfruit seed extract have been potential to become substitution for food source of Artemia compared with rnicroalgae. This was due to the culturing of microalgae were labor intensive and expensive. Then, in this study, the improvement from jackfruit seed extract was done to by additional of lecithin (JSB-L+). The proximate composition of jackfruit seed extract enriched with lecithin and proximate of Artemia fed with jackfruit seed extract enriched with lecithin as well as Artemia fed with Chlorella have examined. The result showed that proximate composition of JSB-L+ contained of 28.4% protein, 55.4% carbohydrate, 0.8% lipid, 1.7% fiber, 4.1 % ash and 8.7% moisture. Meanwhile, for the Artemia fed with JSB-L+ consists of protein (61.0%), lipid (1.6%), ash (8.6%), fiber (5.2%) and carbohydrate (23.5%). Then, for Artemia fed with Ch/ore/la consists of protein (66.7%), lipid (0.5%), ash (7.9%), fiber (3.8%) and carbohydrate (21.1%).
Plankton and fatty acid composition of different size classes at Marang Water
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2014) Hidatah Redzuan
This research presented the study of plankton and fatty acid composition on coastal water Marang, Terengganu. The field sampling were conducted in two sampling stations, Station 2 and Station 1 which all plankton were collected using 200µm, 80µm and 20µm mesh size of plankton net. The highest density was found at Station 2 which is near to coastal water of Kuala Thai compare to Station 1 which is 3km near to Kapas Island that has much lower density of plankton. There are about 3 phyla, 7 classes and 44 genera were identified. The highest abundance of phytoplankton is in phylum Bacillariophyta which is the main dominant species are Rhizosolenia sp.
Dugong stranding in penisular Malaysia : Past and present
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2014) Mohamad Munawir M. Salleh
Data of dugong stranding in Malaysia is important in determining the status of dugong in Malaysia. Two objectives that was focused on for doing this project are to determine the temporal (seasonal) an.d spatial (location) variation pattern of dugong in Peninsular Malaysia and to determine the hotspot location of dugong stranding in Peninsular Malaysia. No aerial or boat survey was done to collect the data for this project. Data relating to dugong stranding in Peninsular Malaysia was collected from Turtle and Marine Ecosystem Center (TUMEC). Data collected shows that the collection and recording of data regarding dugong stranding in Malaysia start from 1924. 1999 are the year that has the most number of data recorded (n= l 1) due to high awareness level of local people.
Determination of selscted metals in fish species in Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT) creeks
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2014) Nor Asyurah Kafi
A study was conducted to determine the concentration of selected heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb) in tissue of living organism in Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT) creeks. Fish is use as biomonitor to access the pollution level in this area. The concentration of selected metals were determined in 11 fish species; Hemibagrus nemurus, Carangoides malabaricus, Megalops cyprinoides, Gerres erythrourus, Channa striata, Anabas testudineus, Terapon jarbua, Oreochromis sp., Lates calcarifer, Lutjanus argentimaculatus and Chanos chanos. The concentration was measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) by using dry sample of fish tissues (muscle, gills, liver, stomach) and the pollution were access by calculating the Pollution Load Index (PLI).
Estimation of coral reef fish biomass from fish video analysis
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2014) Muhammad Yusri Che Saad
The fish abundance, biomass and species diversity of coral reef fishes was surveyed in the Redang and Bidong [sland and the aspect of biomass and species diversity was highlighted more in this study. Recent data was focused more on the fish abundance and there is lack data on the fish biomass in the coral reef area. This study carried out to determine the fish biomass in the area and to obtain the CHI score on the fish biomass. Underwater video survey method was used to determine the length of fish so that it can be used into the formula of length weight relationship to obtain the fish biomass thus integrate it to get the CHI score. Later on the CHI score was used to determine the health of the coral reef ecosystem. The result shows Redang Island has the higher number of fish abundance, fish biomass and fish species diversity when compared to the Bidong Island. Fishing pressure and benthic cover is proven to be the important criteria that influence the fish abundance, fish biomass and fish diversity, highlighting the role of Marine Park Areas is vital to conserve and preserve the both corals and fishes in the ecosystem.
isolation of bacteria from marine sediment in Bidong Island and its antimicrobial properties
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2014) Muhammad Fahmi Sha'ari
Purpose of this research are to isolate the bacteria from the marine sediment of Bidong Island, to study the antimicrobial properties of the bacteria and to identify the bioactive isolates by 16S rRNA sequencing. In this research, the marine sediment sample was took via scuba diving. Sampling was done at Vietnam Beach, Bidong Island and marine sediment sample were purified and cultured by using streak plate method. For the preliminary identification, gram staining procedure was applied in order to identify the morphology of the marine bacteria.
Anti-cholinergic and antimicrobial properties of sonneratia alba (perepat)
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2014) Siti Zaharah Sharudin
Plants have been widely used as the medicine because of their medicinal value. In this study, we used two assays to identify the medicinal value that contained in mangrove plant Sonneratia alba. The antimicrobial activity of leaf and bark extract of S.alba in three different solvent such as dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol was determine by using two in vitro model, disc diffusion assays and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays against five species of pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pnuemoniae, Salmonella typhii, Escherichia coli, and Bacillus cereus. In disc diffusion method, freeze dried leaf methanol extract was show the highest inhibition zone that others with 1.45±0.15 mg/ml against Staphylococcus aureus.
Effects of different media on the growth and proximate composition of dunaliella sp. at different growth phase
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2014) Siti Anish Azahar
Microalgae Dunaliella sp. has been examined for the growth rate and its proximate composition under different growth phase. The growth rate of Dunaliella sp. showed there are no significant different (P>0.05) when culture in Conway and F2 media even thought the cell density of Dunaliella sp. in F2 media is higher than the cell density of Dunaliella sp. in Conway media. It only takes 7 days for Dunaliella sp. to reach its maximum cell density in F2 media and it takes 9 days to reach its maximum cell density in Conway media. The highest cell density of Dunaliella sp. in F2 media is 7 .8 x 10 6 cells mL- 1 while for Conway media is 4.1 x 10 6 cells mL-1. The proximate composition of Dunaliella sp. such as protein, carbohydrate and lipid was study at lag, log and stationary phase in both F2 and Conway media.
Genetic variation of Malaysia gold arowana (scleropages formosus) using PCR-RELP on cytochrome b gene
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2014) Sugendra Kumar a/l Vinodamaney
A study of genetic variation of Malaysian Gold Arowana or known as Scleropages formosus using PCR-RFLP method on cytochrome b gene. The project was done by using the fish scales which were taken from Bukit Merah, Perak. The aim of this study is to determine the genetic variation of Scleropages formosus using different types of restriction enzymes those are Hae III, Mbo I, Nde I, Alu I and Msp I. DNA was extracted and was amplified because for RFLP method large quantity of DNA is needed, the DNA was amplified by using Cytochrome b primer. After the amplification of DNA was done, purification of the PCR sample was done to remove the impurities which might affect the result of the study. Final procedure was the RFLP method by using Restriction enzymes, Hae III, Mbo I, Nde I, Alu I and Msp l the DNA base pairs in PCR was about 1100 bp and this was continued with RFLP method.
Anticancer activity of fruit and leaf extracts of pandanus odoratissimus on human breast cancer (MCF-7) cell line
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2014) Rodhiyah Yahya
Natural products play an important role in production of new drugs, new drug leads and new chemical entities. Pandanus odoratissimus (Pandanaceae) is one of the most popular herbs and locally grows in Malaysia, and has been used traditionally to Ayurvedic medicine cure certain diseases. The present study is aimed to find out antioxidant and anticancer activity of P. odoratissimus against human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7). Antioxidant activity has been measured by using 2, 2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity and core showed highest antioxidant value among the other extracts. The effects of plant's parts on MCF-7 cell lines were determined using [3-( 4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide], MTT assay.
A study on distribution and abundance of polychaete (phylum annelida ) in the shallow subtidal zone of Kalong Bay, kemamamn, Terengganu
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2014) Noor Zalika Mohamad
This study was conducted at Kalong Bay, Kemaman where there were 43 sampling stations. This study was conducted to determine the polychaete present and also determine the abundance and diversity of the polychaete. The most dominant species of polychaete was also determined. The samples were collected, identify and calculated for their abundance and diversity. Univariate and multivariate analysis were calculated, for example density (no. indv/m 2 ), Shannon-Wiener, evenness, Margalef index and Bray-Curtis by using PRIMER software. One-way ANOV A also was calculated using SPSS software. There are 11 order, 32 families and 110 species present. Station 40 has the highest density (1710. no. indv/m 2 ), might due to the sediment grain size and total organic carbon, TOC. Station 39 has lowest density because absent of polychaete.
Identification of bacteria isolated on tcb agar from the white leg shrimp litopenaeus cultured in the east coast of Penisular Malaysia
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2014) Shahira Ghazali
Diseases such as the Taura syndrome and White Spot Syndrom Disease (�SSV) causes mass mortalities of cultured shrimp worldwide,resulting to severe economic losses. The white leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (pacific white leg shrimp) a popular cultured species due their rapid growth, high survival and tolerance to wide range of environmental (Briggs et al., 2004). Nonetheless L. vannamei is affected by Vibrios, the gram-negative bacteria that cause Vibriosis in shrimp and other crustacean. V. anguillarum and V.harveyi represent two main Vibrio spp found to infect penaeid shrimp. In this study, Thiosulfate citrate Bile Salt Sucrose agar (TCBS) was used to isolate Vibrio spp which occur in L. vannamei cultured in the East coast of Peninsula Malaysia, work that includes verification of other bacteria that grow on TCBS agar. Six different bacteria species were found on TCBS agar, with their molecular sequence revealing Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, B.thuringiensis, B.subtilis, Shewanella haliotis, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.. This observation strongly indicates that bacteria other than Vibrios grow on TSBC agar.
A study on primary productivity from satellite imagery (MODIS Data) and ground data(1/4C-method) near Bidong Island
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2014) Nurzahirah Mohd Zulkifli
Primary productivity is a process which involved during the photosynthesis occurs and is highly related to the chlorophyll-a concentration. The objective of this study is to determine the primary productivity from the ground data survey using the carbon 14 techniques and satellite imagery (MODIS). Thus, the relation between ground data and satellite data of primary production can be determined. Carbon 14 techniques were used in determining the primary production of sampling site using in situ and incubator incubation which act as ground data. A sampling chlorophyll-a also have been done. Then, chlorophyll-a concentration data from the satellite is obtained from the Ocean Color Web using the MODIS method.
Effects of different salinity on the growth & proximate composition of dunaliella sp. at different growth phase
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2014) Noorazilah Haris
Dunaliella sp. can tolerate different degree of salt stress and can be used in large scale cultivation and may be applied for specific uses. Thus in this study, the effect of different salt treatment (10, 30 and 50 ppt) on the growth and biochemical composition of Dunaliella sp. at different growth phase was investigated. Results showed that Dunaliella sp. growth in term of cell density and optical density was significantly higher at 10 ppt (9.39 x 10 6 cells mr') compared to 30 ppt (7.59 x 10 6 cells mr 1 ) and 50 ppt (9.18 x 10 6 1 cells mr ). In addition, Dunaliella sp. grew faster and growth phase shorten in lower salinity compared to higher salinity. The variation of salinity tested had influenced on the biochemical composition of Dunaliella sp..
A study on protential application for antibacterial, antibiofilm and antioxidant from tissues of sea Cucumber (stichopus horrens)
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2014) Noor Fatin Osman @ Latif
Crude extract of Stichopus horrens's tissues that were collected from Bidong Island, Terengganu were evaluated for their antibacterial, antibiofilm and antioxidant. At the lower concentration of extraction from S. horrens 's tissue (0.234 mg/ml), the sample showed negative value in percentage inhibition which is -13.797 %. This indicate that the extraction of tissue from S. horrens do not possess antibiofilm activity at lower concentration. When increasing the concentration of sample, the percentage inhibitions also increase up to 49.456 %. However, the continued increasing the concentration of sample, the percentage inhibition are started to decrease to -15.544 %. There is no antibacterial activity detected in the S. horrens which is indicating by no inhibition zones were measured against eight types of bacteria tested. Only the controls which are ampicilin (gram-positive) and gentamycin (gram-negative) show the inhibition zone in all the types of bacteria used.
Biosynthesis of biosurefactant by marine pseudomonas aeruginosa
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2014) Mohd Saifuddin Halim
This study emphasizes on the evaluation of the ability of the marine strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa to biosynthesize biosurfactant from the various carbon sources and to characterize the rhamnolipid produced. The need of viable alternatives from toxic synthetic surfactants are inevitable in the current status quo where environmental protection is being implemented. Biosurfactant provides an insight to this issue where its application does not produce adverse effects to the environment. The production of biosurfactant also opens up doors to utilize organic wastes as carbon source fuel for the biosynthesis process thus giving an additional value to these wastes. The study sees that the production of rhamnolipid is significant in all carbon sources with different capacity and concentrations. The diversity of the P. aeruginosa strain to survive in various terrain and condition may be a reason of the positive outcome from the tests. Collectively, the results obtained from this study may be able to provide additional information to the bettennent of biosurfactant study.
Spectral discimination of coral reef benthic communities in Bidong Island
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2014) Mohamad Abdul Wafi Selamat
Coral reefs are the marine ecosystems that important in world's ocean. Coral reefs are under risk rate due to increasing of environmental and anthropogenic stress. Determining a subset of wavelength that best discriminate benthic communities is important for the development of remote sensing. The spectral reflectance data has the potential to be applied in remote sensing imagery and for mapping properties. The spectral reflectance of coral reef benthic communities was recorded using the underwater hyperspectral instrument of Satlantic HyperOCR. In- situ upwelling and downwelling data were collected for four substrates of Bidong Island benthic communities

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