Institut Bioteknologi Marin

Permanent URI for this collection

http://umt-ir2.umt.edu.my:4000/handle/123456789/13

Browse

Browsing Institut Bioteknologi Marin by Title

Now showing 1 - 20 of 75
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Antibacterial activity of compounds isolatd from horseshoe crabs, tachypleus gigas-associated bacteria
    (Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2017) Amirul Asyraf Alia`m
    Interest in the relationship between bacteria and marine organisms is growing these days due to its potential in pharmaceutical industries. As one of the superior invertebrates in an entropic environment, it is crucial to identify marine bacteria associated with horseshoe crabs and the compound produced which is believed to have antibacterial agents. A total of 62 bacterial isolates were successfully isolated from T. gigas collected in Pahang, Malaysia and identified. The marine bacteria were isolated and selected potential bacteria which show antibacterial activity against test strains Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Salmonella thypimurium were observed.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES OF Pandanus tectorius ACTIVE FRACTIONS THROUGH NITRIC OXIDE REDUCTIONS
    (UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA TERENGGANU, 2020-08) NADIAH MADIHAH BINTI RAMLI
    Over the past decades, inflammation has been known as the main root cause for many infectious diseases. There are drugs that are effective against inflammation being used to treat the diseases, which is non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) however, they come with side effects to the body. Therefore, in this study, an alternative medicine to treat inflammation has been investigated especially from natural products. Pandanus tectorius fruits have been used as source of food only during war time in few regions in Malaysia but now it is being disregarded. Therefore, in this study, P. tectorius fruit properties as antioxidant and as anti-inflammatory potential agent were carried out. Antioxidant was measured by DPPH method while anti-inflammatory were evaluated based on iNOS inhibitory activity and paw oedema rat model. The crude ethyl acetate (PEF) and methanol (PMF) of P. tectorius showed antioxidant activity at IC50 value of 2.43 and 5.86 mg/ml respectively.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Application of exopolysaccharide produced by chlorella vulgaris as adjuvant for mannheimia haemolytica a2 vaccine in goat
    (Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2020) Insyirah husna binti kamaradin
    Pneumonic mannheimiosis is a common respiratory disease among small ruminants caused by Mannheimia haemolytica A2. Presently, the most efficient and costeffective mean of protection against this disease is through proper intranasal vaccination but the commercially available vaccines shown poor immunogenicity responses, or low protection level. Therefore, improving the vaccine via stimulating greater immune response requires incorporation of adjuvant. This study measures the potential of exopolysaccharide (EPS) extracted from Chlorella vulgaris as an adjuvant vaccine that can trigger the humoral and cellular immune response in both mucosal and systemic immunity against M. haemolytica A2 infection. Initially, prior to formation of Exopolysaccharide- M. haemolytica A2 (EPS-MHA2) vaccine, tests conducted to verify EPS’s characteristics which include using of Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) shown its molecular weight of 2398 Da. Its typical signals for polysaccharides were detected by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra (FTIR). Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) displayed the compact microstructure of EPS surface view while cytotoxicity test proved EPS nontoxicity. Subsequently, the potentiality of EPS-MHA2 as adjuvanted vaccine was put to pre-clinical test on white rats to determine its ability to enhance and stimulate immune response, which indicated by the significant high-level production of antibody (IgM, IgG and IgA) in blood serum of Sprague Dawley.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    BIOACTIVE METABOLITE FROM MALAYSIAN GREEN SEAWEED; Ulva sp. FOR ITS ANTIFOULING ACTIVITY
    (UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA TERENGGANU, 2024-01) NIK NURHANIS AMIRA BINTI NIK MOHD SUKRRI
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    BIOACTIVITIES OF THE MARINE SPONGE, Stylissa carteri AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ITS ACTIVE ANTIFOULING COMPOUND
    (UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA TERENGGANU, 2024-09) NOR IZZATI ABD RAHMAN
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Biological parameters and population dynamics of the bluline snapper, lutjanus coeruleolineatus (ruppell, 1838) from Dhofar Governorate, Sultanate of Oman
    (Terengganu: Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2017) Al- Mamari, Dawood Sulaiman
    The Blueline snapper Lutjanus coeruleolineatus is a significant commercial species harvested in the traditional fishery in the Sultanate of Oman. To date the biological characteristics of Blue line snapper have not been studied. Hence the current study is conducted to examine this fish such as length-weight relationships, condition factor, sex ratio, gonadosomatic index (GSI), size and age at 50% maturity, estimation of growth parameters by analysis otolith structure and the asymmetry characteristics by using otolith dimension. A random collection of the species (449 males and 529 females) were sampled monthly from the Dhofar Governorate off the coast of the Arabian Sea from February 2015 to March 2016. Females had mean TL 29.10 ± 0.21 cm larger than mean TL of male (mean TL= 27.5 ± 0.16 cm). Mean TW of females were 424.10 ± 10.90 g which were significantly heavier than the mean TW of males (mean TW= 336.1 ± 6.6 g). The length- weight relationships for male, female and combined sex were significantly correlated (P<0.05) and b values iii estimation for male and female were 2.9 and 3.1 respectively. The average monthly condition factor (Kn) values showed quite similar pattern for both sexes with a slightly higher values for females.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Biomass, Oil and Fatty Acids Profiling Of Mangrove-Isolated Microalgae Under Selected Cultivation Conditions
    (Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2021) Nur Syazana Binti Fauzi
    Microalgae have been recognized for their substantial amount of oil content along with high long-chain marketable polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as omega-3 and -6 fatty acids. However, indigenous microalgae in Malaysia are mostly untapped resources for lipid assessment due to lack of research conducted, in particular the species from mangrove environment. Therefore, eight new mangrove-isolated microalgae species were successfully described through morphological characterization and molecular identification with 18S rDNA. The identified strains include the species from the genus of Chlorella, Desmodesmus, Chlamydomonas and Scenedesmus. In order to screen these species for potential oil and fatty acid productions, a small-scale cultivation system and an optimized oil extraction protocol were established. This enable cost-saving in term of reduce chemicals usage by 50% and increase efficiency from time-saving. The eight newly characterized species together with two model species (Chlorella vulgaris UMT-MI and Messastrum gracile SE-MC4) were subjected to nitrate-replete and nitrate-deficient cultivation conditions and its growth, biomass, oil content and fatty acid composition were determined. Result revealed that the microalgae could be categorized into high cell growth with high biomass (Group I), moderate cell growth with wider range of biomass (Group 11), and degrading cell growth with low biomass (Group III). Interestingly, five strains (UMT-Ml, SE-MC4, KS-2, UMT-B13 and UMT-B15) were regarded as oleaginous microalgae as they produced more than 20% (in between 23.5• 37.0%) of total oil content under the studied conditions. Furthermore, fatty acid profiling revealed that six strains (UMT-B8, -B13, -B14 and -B15, UMT-MI and KS- 2) were high saturated fatty acid (SFA) producers (or Group H-SFA) with total SFA ranging between 52.4-97.1%. Three strains (SE-MC4, UMT-B10, -B20) were high SFA and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) producers (or Group H-SFA: MUFA) with each constituted more than 30% while one high producer (UMT-B11) for SFA and polyunsaturated fatty acids (or Group H-SFA: PUFA) with each constituted more than 30%. In addition, the influence of different growth phases and culture transition phase on the selected species, M. gracile SE-MC4 were also evaluated. Results showed that the biomass and total oil content increased in parallel to the cultivation day and achieved maximum at late stationary phase (day 8). This species accumulated high amount of Cl 8: 1 (32.4%) at late stationary phase and dropped instantaneously to 13% during the culture transition into Stage II cultivation. This was in contrast to the accumulation of Cl 8:3n3, where its content spiked up from a lowest to a maximum of 23.0%. These demonstrated that the storage Cl8:l pool in the late stationary phase was immediately used as a substrate for the synthesis ofC18:3n3 which could play an important role during the early phase ofmicroalgae growth. The mangrove microalgae can be looked up as a new prospective of lipids and fatty acid sources for various different applications. Understanding the biochemical properties of interest under specific stage of growth is important for future fundamental study to formulate further experiment that could increase the lipid content without compromising its biomass.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Biomass, oil and fatty acids profiling of mangrove-isolated microalgae under selected cultivation conditions
    (Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2020) Nur Syazana Binti Fauzi
    Microalgae have been recognized for their substantial amount of oil content along with high long-chain marketable polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as omega-3 and-6 fatty acids. However, indigenous microalgae in Malaysia are mostly untapped resources for lipid assessment due to lack of research conducted, in particular the species from mangrove environment. Therefore, eight new mangrove-isolated microalgae species were successfully described through morphological characterization and molecular identification with 18S rDNA. The identified strains include the species from the genus of Chlorella, Desmodesmus, Chlamydomonas and Scenedesmus. In order to screen these species for potential oil and fatty acid productions, a small-scale cultivation system and an optimized oil extraction protocol were established.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Characterization of antibacterial peptide from horseshoe crab, tachypleus gigas
    (Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2017-09) Mohd Mustakim Mohd Kasturi
    Antibacterial peptide is one of the natural antibiotics that have antibacterial activity against both Gram-negative and positive bacteria. Horseshoe crab which is a marine invertebrate has a unique defense mechanism against pathogenic microorganisms. It was reported that horseshoe crabs contain proteins in their amoebocyte (blood cells) that is involved in the immune response. Thus, a study was carried out to isolate and purify the potential of antibacterial peptide from the horseshoe crab’s amoebocyte. The blood was collected from eight adult male and female horseshoe crabs and extraction of the amoebocyte lysate was done using acetic acid extraction method. The antibacterial peptide was purified using FPLC coupled with gel filtration column (HiPrep 26/60 Sephacryl S-100 High Resolution) and then subjected to SDS-PAGE for protein profiling.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Characterization of antifouling metabolites from book gills and carapace of horseshoe crab, Tachypleus gigas
    (Terengganu: Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2017) Muhamad Syukeri Ahmad
    Horseshoe crabs have roamed the world for almost 450 million years since the first fossil was discovered. Their survivality were due to various adaptations and potent defence system; in which hemolymph is one of them. Few studies emphasize on the horseshoe crabs book gills and carapace. The carapace was known as the armour that protects the soft tissue below them. Despite being submerged almost all the time and has a flat surface, the horseshoe crabs seem not to be affected much by biofouling phenomena. The objectives of this study were to determine the metabolite profiles of the book gills and carapace extracts, to identify the antifouling activities they possess and to characterize the metabolites that contributes to the antifouling activities. In this study, book gills and carapace crude extracts were screened for antifouling activities along with their modes of actions; detachment and preventive actions. Fractionations were conducted after the modes of action of the antifouling activities has been determined.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Characterization of antifouling metabolites from mangrove leaves, sonneratia lanceolata
    (UniversitI Malaysia Terengganu, 2023-09) Mujahidah Mohd Ramzi
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    CHARACTERIZATION OF CHITOSAN AND CHITOOLIGOSACCHARIDES DERIVED FROM FISH SCALES AND THEIR BIOMEDICAL PROPERTIES
    (Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2022-05) THIRUKANTHAN C.S.
    This study tests the efficacy of low molecular weight chitosan and chitooligosacaccharide (COS) in treating wounds in animal models. Chemically extracted chitosan and COS had higher yield and deacetylation than microwave and ultrasonic extraction.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Characterization of marine bacteria, pseudomonas aeruginosa producing antifouling compounds
    (Universiti Maloysia Terengganu, 2023-09) Nurul Najihah Binti Rawi
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Computational Analysis of Rhomboid Protease of Extremophiles from Hot Springs and Antarctica
    (UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA TERENGGANU, 2023-10) BELAL MOHAMMED ABD AL RHMAN AL SHOMALI
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Cytotoxicity effects and cell death mechanisms of avicennia alba and bruguiera gymnorrhiza extracts on human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7)
    (Terengganu, Malaysia: Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2016-03) Nurul Huda Ab Rahman
    Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death and the most common form of cancer affecting women worldwide. Currently. over 50% of drugs used in clinical trials for cancer treatments were isolated from natural sources. Hence, the search for natural products to be used in cancer therapy represents an area of great interest in which the plant kingdom has been the most important source, providing man) anti-tumor agents with novel structures and unique mechanism of action.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Determination of bioactive compounds from Malaysian seahorses (Hippocampus kuda, Hippocampus trimaculatus, Hippocampus spinosissimus)
    (Terengganu: Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2011) Thirukanthan Chandra Segaran
    Three species of seahorses Hippocampus kuda, Hippocampus trimaculatus and Hippocampus spinosissimus was subdivided according to its gender (male and female) and screened for its antioxidant activities (DPPH free radical scavenging assay, xanthine oxidase assay and superoxide dismustase assay), antibacterial activities (well diffusion technique and disk diffusion technique), antiviral activities (cytotoxicity assay) and finally evaluated for its biochemical properties which comprised of total protein content, ash content, moisture content, total fat content, trace metal content and fatty acid composition.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Effect of cadmium on embryonic and larval development of climbing perch, Anabas testudineus (Bloch 1792)
    (Terengganu: Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2016) Mohd Shahrul Hafiz Abdul Ghani
    Early developmental stages of fish are particularly sensitive to many contaminants in water. For instance, heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd) affect many developmental processes in fish. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of cadmium exposure during embryogenesis and endogenous feeding stage of climbing perch. Our results show that 24-h LC50 of cadmium for embryo and larvae were 0.931 µM and 45.68 µM, respectively. Embryos were later exposed to sublethal concentration of cadmium (0.3, 0.7, 1.0, 1.3, 1.6 and 2.0 µM) to determine the hatching success, time of hatching and type of physical malformations. Hatching success was significantly reduced (p<0.05) in the treated group in dose dependent pattern where significant differences were found at 1.0 µM and higher compared with the control group. However, the time of hatching was not affected (p˃0.05). Malformations in embryos such as imbalanced of perivitelline space, less swelling, coagulated eggs, lack of tail, yolk sac oedema and undeveloped head and tail were observed at cadmium concentrations of 1.6 and 2.0 µM. Egg diameter, yolk diameter and perivitelline space area showed a significant difference between control and exposed groups (p<0.05).