Pusat Pengajian Sains dan Teknologi Makanan

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The impact of elevated carbon dioxide on the stress tolerance of selected vegetable crops
(Terengganu: Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2014-11) Razifah Mohd Razali
Plant responses to different stresses are highly complex and involve changes at both the cellular and physiological levels. The physiological interaction between carbon dioxide (C02) enrichment, biotic and abiotic stressor was studied in crop plants. Metabolic acclimation through the accumulation of protective metabolites is regarded as a basic strategy for protection and survival of plants in stress environments.
Production of bacterial cellulose using low-cost media
(Terengganu: Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2015) Azila Adnan
Bacterial cellulose (Be) is a polymer of glucose monomers, which has unique properties including high crystallinity and high strength. It has the potential to be used in biomedical applications such as making artificial blood vessels, wound dressings, and in the paper making industry. Unlike cellulose from plant sources, it is not contaminated with non-cellulose compounds, making it a candidate for medical use.
Extraction and characterization of mucilage from talinum paniculatum (fameflower) and its application in beverage emulsion
(Terengganu: Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2015) Tengku Nur Dayana Tengku Zakaria
In this study, the extraction optimization, characterization and functionalities in food emulsion of mucilage from Talinum paniculatum (Fameflower) fronds were investigated. For the first two objectives, the influence of water to fronds ratio, extraction temperature and pH on extraction yield, protein content and emulsifying capacity of the mucilage was investigated using a face centered-central composite design. All responses were best fitted with quadratic model (adjusted R2 = 0.67 – 0.97 with no lack-of-fit). The optimum conditions for mucilage extraction from T. paniculatum were water to fronds ratio at 8.4:1, extraction temperature at 90 ⁰C and pH at 8 providing 3.44 % of mucilage yield, 29.35 % of protein content and 34.00 % of emulsifying capacity.
Optimization of xanthan gum, corn starch and glyccerin blends on physicochemical properties and sensory acceptability of dark chocolate
(Terengganu: Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2015) Mohd Syafiq Abdullah
The effects of cocoa butter substitution using xanthan gum (XG), corn starch (CS) and glycerin (GL) blends on the physicochemical and sensory properties of dark chocolate were determined. In this study, 11 blends with different proportions of XG, CS and GL were prepared according to DOptimal mixture design as a purpose of cocoa butter substitution in dark chocolate at 5%, 10% and 15% level. Summing up, 33 chocolate formulations and a control sample containing 15% cocoa butter (control sample) were analyzed for their hardness, rheological properties and melting point. Accompanied by the reduction of cocoa butter, the incorporation of XG, CS and GL raised the solid fractions in chocolate system and resulted in consequential increased hardness (4.58-13.49kN/m2) and flow properties (yield stress: 7.82-10.53 Pa and viscosity: 2.37-3.73Pa.s).
Assessment of nutritional composition of palm kernel cake with varying particle size
(Terengganu: Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2015) Adisa Abdullah, Oladukun
In as much as the future remains unknown and becoming scary, there will always be a need to carry out research capable to create a sustainable development without compromising with the generation ahead. This brought about the idea to conduct a study on the nutritional composition of palm kernel cake (PKC) with varying particle sizes. PKC as an example of ago-industrial by-product (AIBP) is an important endproduct of palm kernel oil (PKO) from the fruits of palm oil (Elaeis guineensis) which is readily available in many tropical environments among which are Malaysia, Nigeria and Indonesia. PKC is known to be characterized by a poor nutritive value due to the presence of high amount of non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs) within its cell wall. Therefore, PKC utilization into the ration of monogastric animals is very limited. The general aim of this research is to evaluate the chemical constituents of PKC that was physically treated into different sieve and particle sizes.
Evaluation of maturity stages and the effect of postharvest treatments on quality of cashew apple
(Terengganu: Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2016-02) Nor Hamizah Hussin @ Mat Hussin
Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) is classified under the family of Anarcadiaceae. The cashew tree is native to Brazil and currently cultivated in many regions in the world. The cashew fruit comprises with enlarged peduncle(apple like) known as cashew apple, and the kidney-shaped nut which is the true fruit of the cashew tree.
The integration of Indo-Malayan stingless bee species (heterotrigona itama) in Stevia rebaudiana farming system
(Terengganu: Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2016-06) Siti Asma' Samsudin
The integration of Indo-Malayan stingless bee species (H.itama) in Stevia rebaudiana farming was conducted at Pusat Tunas Stevia (PTS), Kampung Tempinis, Jabi, Terengganu from Januari until December 2015.
Morphological and biochemical characteristics of wild hevea specie
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2016-07) MORPHOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WILD Hevea SPECIES
Hevea brasiliensis or commonly known as rubber tree is the most common rubber species planted nationwide. Wild rubber species such as H. benthamiana, H. camargoana, H. guianensis, H. nitida, H. pauciflora, H. rigidifolia and H. spruceana are not been explored as commercial planting materials. There was an indication that showed the declining in genetic advance of rubber planting materials derived from H. brasiliensis. This was due to narrow genetic base and inbreeding depression. The objectives of this research were to determine the morphological and biochemical characteristics, rootstock-scion compatibility and latex yield in eight different wild Hevea species. The morphological and biochemical characteristics of wild Hevea species were analyzed with various methods including visual observation, light microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) and spectrophotometry. Rootstock-scion compatibility and latex yield were analyzed with bud-grafting method and fresh latex collection.
Helminthic fauna infections in small ruminants (sheep and goat) in Terengganu, Peninsular Malaysia
(Terengganu: Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2016-09) Musyidah Khairi Anwarali Khan
A study was conducted with the aim to determine the current prevalence of helminthic fauna infections in small ruminants in Terengganu. A total of 267 faecal samples from sheep and goats were collected and subjected to Modified McMaster method, larval culture, third stage larva identification and sedimentation method.
Competitiveness of paddy in major granary areas of Penisular Malaysia
(Terengganu: Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2016-10) Norhidayah Che Soh
Rice is the staple food for most of the people in the world and also basic food for Malaysian. Currently, Malaysia imports 30% of the total rice from foreign countries to meet self-sufficient level of Malaysian. The issue of food safety is a very important issue and needs to be emphasized all the time.
Evaluation of herbicidal activities of plant allelochemical, 2, 4-di-tert-butylphenol for natural herbicide development
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2016-10) Wan Nur Suzani Sazleen Wan Shafiin
Herbicides are commonly used to control infestation of weeds. However, excessive use of single herbicide can cause the development of herbicide resistance in weeds, human health concern and pollution. This study aimed to evaluate herbicidal activity of 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol (2,4-DTBP) and to determine tolerance level of selected crops species to 2,4-DTBP under laboratory and glasshouse conditions. Laboratory bioassay showed that leaf discs of Leptochloa chinensis, Eleusine indica, Hedyotis verticillata and Asystasia gangetica turned dark brown within two days after 2,4-DTBP treatment at 500 mg/L. Further evaluation revealed, post emergence application rate of 7 kg ai/ha caused the seedling growth inhibition of bioassay plants by 15-40 % only under glasshouse conditions, suggesting that 2,4-DTBP has poor post emergence herbicidal activity.
Antifungal potential of lactic acid bacteria against anthracnose pathogen, colletotrichum capsici of chille
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2017-05) Muhammad Aiman Fakri
Colletotrichum capsici are ubiquitous fungal pathogens that cause anthracnose disease of chilli plant. Although chemical fungicide can be used to manage the disease, excessive use of the fungicide can lead to development of resistance fungicide as well as human health concern. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are gram positive, mostly anaerobic, non-sporulating and acid-tolerant bacteria which produce antifungal compounds. Many LAB strains have been isolated from fermented foods, fresh fruits and vegetables, but very limited study is done on antifungal potential of LAB isolated from soils. This study aimed to isolate and identify LAB from soil in agricultural fields and evaluate their antifungal activities under laboratory and glasshouse conditions. Laboratory tests showed that a total of seven LAB strains out of 40 putative LAB were successfully isolated from sandy clay loam soil and sandy loam soil collected from respective rice fields and Roselle cultivation areas using M17 agar and Tomato juice agar under aerobic condition and identified as Lactococcus lactis subspecies lactis through molecular techniques.
Optimization and characterization of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptide from blood cockle (anadara granosa) hydrolysate
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2017-05) Aishah Suhaimi
iii Abstract of thesis presented to the Senate of Universiti Malaysia Terengganu in fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Science. OPTIMIZATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME (ACE) INHIBITORY PEPTIDE FROM BLOOD COCKLE (Anadara granosa) HYDROLYSATE AISHAH BINTI SUHAIMI May 2017 Main Supervisor : Associate Professor Amiza Mat Amin, Ph.D. Co-Supervisor : Norizah Mhd Sarbon, Ph.D. : Professor Mohd Effendy Abd. Wahid, Ph.D. School : School of Food Science and Technology This study reported on the optimization and characterization of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptide from blood cockle hydrolysate. Firstly, preliminary screening of commercial proteinases was carried out to select the most appropriate proteinase and hydrolysis time (0-8 hrs) to prepare the highest ACE inhibitory activity. It was found that ProtamexTM gave the highest ACE inhibitory activity at 6 hours hydrolysis time as compared to Alcalase®, Neutrase®, pepsin, papain, trypsin and α-chymotrypsin. Next, further optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis condition (i.e. hydrolysis time, pH, hydrolysis temperature and enzyme to substrate (E/S) ratio) of blood cockle with ProtamexTM using a central composite design (face-centered) was employed to obtain maximum ACE inhibitory activity.
Elucidating mode of 2,4-di-teret-butylphenol action as potential natural herbicide
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2017-05) Naimah Abdul Halim
Nowadays, there is a great demand in discovering new effective natural herbicides with novel mode of action to overcome the rapid development of herbicide resistance issue in weeds. 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol (2,4-DTBP) has been reported to have herbicidal action by generating reactive oxygen species which leads to lipid peroxidation in weeds, but its mode of action remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate mode of 2,4-DTBP action against two weed species, Hedyotis verticillata and Leptochloa chinensis. 2,4-DTBP caused ultrastructural damage to chloroplasts, including disordered thylakoid systems and undulating membranes, absence of starch grains and increase number of plastoglobuli were evident in both bioassay species three days after treatment. The destroyed chloroplast ultrastructure led to electrolyte leakage, decreased leaf greenness, quantum yield and stomatal conductance values in leaf tissues.
Biocontrol Potential of Fluorescent Pseudomonas Spp. In Controlling Rhizoctonia Basal Stem Rot Disease Caused By Rhizoctonia Solani and Promoting Plant Growth On Chilli
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2017-06) Rul Hajar Binti Muda
The biocontrol potential of fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. isolated from rhizosphere soil of healthy chilli was evaluated against Rhizoctonia solani in causing basal stem rot disease on chilli. A total of 50 isolates out of 115 potential fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. were selected based on its percentage inhibition radial growth (PIRG) for more than 65% from dual culture assay. All 50 isolates were further screened for production of volatile organic compound, hydrogen cyanide, phosphate solubilization and indole acetic acid. Thirty-tree isolates were identified as Pseudomonas spp. using 16s ribosomal RNA sequencing. A total of 13 most potential Pseudomonas spp. were further tested for seedlings vigour index. Pseudomonas putida B5C1, Pseudomonas aeruginosa B3C56 and Pseudomonas putida B5C7 were selected with the most prominent in promoting plumule and radicle growth and significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher than the control. The bio-efficacy of these fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. was evaluated in glasshouse for the suppression of R. solani and enhancing plant growth of chilli seedlings.
The prevalence of helminth infection among cattle in Terengganu, Malaysia
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2017-06) RITA D/O NADARASAN
A study was conducted to determine the prevalence of helminth infections in cattle located in Terengganu, Malaysia. The samplings were carried out in Kuala Terengganu, Hulu Terengganu, Setiu, Dungun, Kemaman, Besut and Marang. A total of 219 faecal samples and 214 blood samples were collected from the cattle. The faecal samples were subjected to modified McMaster method, faecal culture and sedimentation. The blood samples were centrifuged and the sera were collected for serological test. Results indicated that, out of 219 animals diagnosed 93% was found to be positive for liver fluke, 61% was found to be positive for rumen fluke and 52% were found to be positive for co-infection of liver fluke and rumen fluke [χ2(2, N =120) = 41, p<0.05]. Serological test revealed 82% of liver fluke infection. Faecal egg counts (FEC) for nematodes were ranged from 0 – 800 e.p.g. The mean faecal egg count was 21.5 ± 4.5 e.p.g. The most prevalent nematodes reported were Haemonchus (80%), Trichostrongylus (16%) and Oesophagostomum (4%), [χ2(2, N =100) = 104, p < 0.05].
Deciphering the roles of protein hydrolysate from yellowstripe scad (selaroides leptolepis) in reducing oil uptake in fried battered squid
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2017-06) Eng Hau Han
Yellowstripe scad (Selaroides leptolepis) belongs to the small pelagic group that abundantly found in South China Sea and is categorized as low value fishes. Enzymatic hydrolysis produced more marketable fish protein hydrolysate, at which protein has been focused on oil-uptake reduction due to their film forming ability and thermal gelation properties. The main objective of this study was to determine the effect of crude protein hydrolysate (CPH) and purified protein hydrolysate (PPH) from yellowstripe scad in reducing oil uptake in fried battered squid.
Isolation and identification of lactic acid bacteria from fermented durian flesh and antibacterial activity of related compounds
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2017-08) Fajriah Salleh
Lactic acid bacteria ( LAB ) are well known for their ability to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria through their antibacterial properties. this study was conducted to isolated and identify LAB from fermented durian flesh in Terengganu, to determine antibacterial activity using well diffusion method and to identify the antibacterial compounds from Cell Free Supernatant (CFS) of selected LAB.
Preparation of Eel (Monopterus Albus) Protein Hydrolysate Using Alcalase® And Its Physicochemical, Antioxidant And Anticancer Properties
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2017-10) Nura Ruhaya Binti Abdul Halim
The study aims to determine the optimum condition of eel protein hydrolysate (EPH) produced using Alcalase® and its physicochemical, antioxidant and anticancer properties. The hydrolysis condition was optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) by applying four factors (time, temperature, pH, Alcalase® concentration), 3-levels Central Composite Design (CCD) with six central points. The chemical and amino acid compositions, structural properties, solubility, emulsifying and foaming properties, water holding and fat binding capacity of EPH were determined. The EPH was separated through ultrafiltration membranes (10 kDa, 5 kDa and 3 kDa). The ferric thiocyanate, thiobarbituric reactive substance, reducing power, ferrous ion chelating activity and 1,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity of fractionated EPH were also determined. The anticancer activity was determined using MCF-7 cell lines. In order to obtain the optimum yield, degree of hydrolysis (DH) and DPPH activity, the optimum hydrolysis condition suggested was 84.02 min, 50.18°C, pH 7.89 and 2.26% Alcalase® concentration
Organic fertilizer usage for sweet corn grown on spodosol and ultisol soils
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2017-12) Yahaya Haruna Rawayau
Poor soils need to be fertilized for optimum crop production in order to achieve the food security campaigns especially in the developing and underdeveloped countries. This study was aimed at finding the potential benefits of organic fertilization for sweet corn grown two marginal soils (Rhu Tapai or Spodosol and Rasau or Ultisol) as well as the optimum rate of the organic manure that gives the best crop performance. A 5x2x2 factorial experiment using Randomly Complete Block Design (RCBD) was conducted in four replicates at the shade house to find the best organic manure between chicken manure, cattle manure, horse manure, rice husk biochar and the control treatment (without amendment) with or without Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi (AMF) inoculation under two different soil types; Rasau series soil and Rhu Tapai series soil using Thai super sweet corn as a test iv crop

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