Pusat Pengajian Kejuruteraan Kelautan

Permanent URI for this collection

http://umt-ir2.umt.edu.my:4000/handle/123456789/11312

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 31

ALGORITMA PENGECAMAN ERTI KATA PERKATAAN POLISEMI BAHASA MELAYU MENGGUNAKAN KAEDAH HIBRID
(UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA TERENGGANU, 2020) MOHD ARIZAL SHAMSUL BIN MAT RIFIN
Study on methylene blue dye removal by eco-friendly adsorbents produced from coastal plant casuarina equaisetifolia seeds
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2016) Nor Atiera Nabila Ismail
Water is one of the precious sources to all living things and its consumption increases as human population increases. However, water becomes polluted by anthropogenic influences in domestic, agriculture, commercial and industrial sectors especially in batik industry which consumes a large amount of water. The high color of water discharge from batik effluent can reduce the light penetration to aquatic life. Color is also most notorious characteristics of dye wastewater and has a strong negative impact to aquatic life. Methylene Blue (MB) is a common pollutant material in textile wastewater and frequently used in textile industries especially. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine the potential of C. equisetifo/ia seeds treated p-toluene sulfonic acid monohydrate as an eco-friendly adsorbent to remove the color of MB by adsorption process.
Production and optimization of activated carbon from waste orange peels using microwave pyrolysis
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2016) Wong Yee Mun
Global production of oranges is massive due to the high consumer demands in orange fruit and its by-products. Over 40 % of the orange fruit is disposed as fruit waste after industrial processing, and this could decrease landfill capacity and create environmental pollution problems. Recent researches have discovered the potential of converting waste orange peels (WOP) into orange peel activated carbon (OPAC). Hence, the aim of this research is to optimize the production of activated carbon from WOP using response surface methodology. WOP will be carbonized at 700 W for 20 minutes using microwave pyrolysis. Next, the orange peel char (OPC) produced will be chemically activated using sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide via microwave pyrolysis, under different conditions. The chemical activation of OPC will be conducted with optimization of three parameters: microwave power (W) (x1), microwave irradiation time (min) (x2) and impregnation ratio between OPC and chemical (x3). The activated carbon produced from optimized operating parameter set has a high AC yield of97 %wt and an adsorption efficiency of 28.5 mg/g on removal of Malachite Green (MG) in water. All in all, the research is able to recycle WOP into useful material (activated carbon) for other applications.
Forecasting of particulate matter (PM0) concentration by ultilizing PCR and MLR two different locations in Kelantan
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2016) Wan Hafizah Wan Zakaria
Air quality is one of the most important indicators to evaluate the country's environment quality. However, the air pollution issue is rising due to the uncontrolled chemical gases release from the industrial area, burning of fossil fuels, forest fires and motor vehicles. One of the pollutants is PM10. PM1 o is the particulate matter that can be found in air which the aerodynamic diameter is less than 1 Oµm. PM10 is the major pollutant in Malaysia especially in Kelantan known to gives significant impact to human and environment. The aim of this study is to forecast daily average of PM 10 concentration by utilizing Principal Component Regression (PCR) and Multiple Linear Regression (MLR). This study focused on the trend of PM 10 concentration for 4 years starting on January 2011 until December 2014, select the significant factors that influence PM10 concentrations (meteorological and gaseous pollutant factors) and establish PM10 concentration by utilizing PCR and MLR. It was conducted at two sites in Kelantan which having different background activities of urban and industrial. Secondary data of PM1 o concentration, meteorological and also gaseous pollutants was acquired from Malaysian Department of Environment (DOE).
Microwave-modified coastal plant, casuarina equisetifolia seeds as adsorbents for adsorption of methylene blue dye
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2016) Siti Khadijah Ariffin
An increasing use of dyes for product coloring has resulted in a huge volume of colored water. Casuarina equisetifolia seeds, an eco-friendly plant waste were used to develop a microwave and chemically treated adsorbent to remove methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solution. This study was conducted to determine the characteristics of adsorbent and effects of dosage of adsorbent on concentration of methylene blue dyes removed as well as applicability of Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The characteristics of adsorbent were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunaeur Emmet-Teller (BET) surface area analyzer, elemental analyzer and electro kinetic analyzer (EK.A). Adsorption experiments were performed based on adsorbent dosage parameter by using batch adsorption method. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were employed to interpret the adsorption behavior. The adsorption of MB dye on C. equisetifolia seeds was confirmed by the presence of carboxylic acid and hydroxyl functional groups based on the FTIR spectrum. Other than that, morphology, surface area and surface charge analysis also supported the results of methylene blue dye adsorption. The best adsorbent dosage is 1 gram with 92.4% dye removal. Experimental data describes the adsorption behavior followed Langmuir isotherm model. The results imply that C. equisetifolia seeds are a potentially low-cost adsorbent for treating wastewater containing cationic dyes.
Coagulation-flocculation by utilizing moringa oleifera seed and papaya peels as coagulants at different sedimentation time in water treatment
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2016) Phon Mun Yee
Water is not only important for human health but also central to plant and animal life. In order to reduce the effect of water pollution to marine ecosystems, wildlife health, and human well-being, water treatment plant has been introduce to treat water to make it more acceptable for a specific end use. However, the most commonly used chemical coagulant, alum has proven to link to serious health effect. M. oleifera seeds and papaya peel which is natural and inexpensive has been used in this study. Therefore, this study was proposed to determine the efficiency of turbidity and total suspended solid removal from the process of coagulation-flocculation of synthetic turbid water by utilizing M oleifera seeds and papaya peel at different sedimentation time. The objectives of this study are to identify the optimum dosage and sedimentation time of M oleifera seeds and papaya peel as coagulants to increase the efficiency of turbidity and total suspended solid removal. The properties of M oleifera seeds and papaya peels has been study by using FTIR, SEM and BET peel in term of functional groups, surface morphology and total surface area. Hydroxyl, carbonyl and amide functional groups, porous surface and high surface area has revealed by both M ole(fera seeds and papaya peel that play an important role in bioadsorption.
Prediction of ground level ozone exceedences and return period using distribution funtion
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2016) Phon Mun Yee
Ozone (03) is considered as one of the crucial air pollutant in atmosphere which affects human health, vegetation and forests. According to DoE, the annual average daily maximum one-hour ozone concentrations had slightly increased in 2014 compared to 2013. Thence, it is crucial to come out with a model that is suitable to predict ground level ozone concentration in order to prevent adverse air pollution effects to be aggravated. Therefore, the aim of this study is to predict ground level ozone exceedences and return period at Cheras, Kuala Lumpur and Tanjung Malim, Perak using distribution function. Data analysis in this study was done by MATLAB. The selected distribution functions to fit 03 concentration data in 2012 are Gamma, Inverse Gaussian/ Wald and Rayleigh. Next, parameter for each distribution was estimated by Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLE) method. The best fit distribution was determined by the selected performance indicators based on the highest accuracy measures which are close to 1 and the smallest error measures which are close to 0. Results showed that the best distribution that fits the 03 observations was found to be Gamma distribution for Cheras and Tanjung Malim. The probabilities of exceedences were calculated and predicted the return period by the cumulative density function (cdf) obtained from the best-fit distribution. For Cheras, it was predicted to exceed O.lppm for 6.7 days with a return period of once per 55 days. Tanjung Malim was predicted to exceed O.lppm for 3.6 days with a return period of once per 101 days. In Malaysia, modelling using distribution function is still a new approach and it is believe that it will be a good alternative for ground level ozone prediction.
Preparation, characterization, and performance of polysulfone/alkyl phosphonium montmorillonite nanofiltration membrane for dye removalNurul Hafizah Mohd Afindi
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2016) Nurul Hafizah Mohd Afindi
Recently, dye has been broadly used in many applications especially in industries. Discharged of dyes wastewater generates large volumes of effluents on a daily basis, which contains substantial loads of organic compounds, inorganic salts, and suspended impurities. Polysulfone nanofiltration membrane had been applied for dye containing wastewater treatment. However, one of the disadvantage of polysulfone is it easy to cause fouling onto the membrane surface. So, to overcome this problem, nanoclay, alkyl phosphonium montrnorillonite (APM) was used to decrease the fouling and to increase hydrophilicity. In this study, the effects of polysulfone/alkyl posphonium montrnorillonite nanofiltration membrane on efficiency of dyes removal from wastewater and able to improve the overall performance were determined. Polysulfone (PSf) of 19 wt% and 21 wt% were used as the polymer backbone for nanofiltration (NF) membrane and alkyl phosphonium montmorillonite (APM) consist of range of 0.0 wt%, 0.1 wt%, 0.5 wt% and 1.0 wt% were used as nano-composite material in order to improve hydrophilicity of the native membrane property.The Nanofiltration membranes were fabricated using dry/wet phase inversion technique with an electrical casting machine.
Study of biosorbent from agricultural waste (rise husk) for phospate removal in wastewater
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2016) Nur Saadiah Zaini
Phosphate is one of the essential elements in the earth but the excessive amount of phosphate can contribute to the environmental problems. Adsorption is one of the most effective and ecomical technique to removes phosphate in wastewater. Nowadays, researches have been discovered the potential and beneficial of the agricultural waste as a low cost adsorbent. This study aimed to prepare and characterize the efficiency of rice husk as biosorbent for phosphate removal in wastewater. Six type of adsorbent were prepared, which are Rice Husk Ash and Activated Rice Husk at five different temperature. The prepared adsorbents were characterized in term of functional group by using FTIR Spectroscpe and in term of morphology structure by using SEM method
Effects of anions on photocatlytic degradation of methlyene blue using zinc oxide power
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2016) Nor;ain Ismail@Awang
Photocatalytic degradation process has been widely implemented in wastewater remediation and ZnO is extensively researched as the catalyst for the treatment. Photocatalytic degradation rate of organic pollutants is greatly influenced by impurity ions. Many studies revealed that certain anions have significant effects on the overall performance of photocatalysis system. Some of them can either enhance the rate of photocatalyst reaction or act as inhibitor that causes significant reduction in photodegradation rate. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of inorganic anions ( chloride, er, carbonate, col· and sulphate, S042·) on photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye using ZnO powder.
Effects of upgraded seawater alkaline pretreatment process for oil palm empaty bunch
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2016) Mizan Qistina Saharuddin
The demand for renewable fuel sources continues to grow due to diminishing supply of fossil fuel and the growing concerns about environmental. Presently, lignocellulose was reported to be the most favored and valuable compound in biofuel production. However, the presence of lignin in lignocelluloses leads to a protective barrier that prevents plant cell destruction by fungi and bacteria for conversion to fuel. Therefore, the study of pretreatment method on delignification of lignocellulosic materials has increase through the year. In this study, alkaline pretreatment of EFB is carried out at room temperature using different concentration of alkaline solution which are 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% w/v of soda ash (Na2C03) and seawater for 48 hours. The objective of this study is to investigate different concentration of alkaline in delignification of EFB. The degree of delignification is monitored based on the amount of lignin after the pretreatment by using direct spectroscopic kappa number and also be confirmed by Dubois method, FTIR and SEM analyses. The highest percentage of delignification were 70% by using concentration of 15% alkaline solution. The findings from this study are important for development of sustainable and cost effective pretreatment of lignocellulose materials
The use of moringa olifera and mangifera india seeds as coagulants in coagulation-flocculation process for water treatment
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2016) Loke Min Hui
The use of Alum as coagulant can bring long term or short term negative effects to human due to the residue of Alum in treated water. Therefore, natural coagulant and coagulant aid should be used to replace the chemical coagulants. In this research, seeds of Moringa oleifera and Mangifera indica were chosen as natural coagulant and coagulant aid respectively in order to replace chemical coagulants. The objectives were to characterize Moringa oleifera and Mangifera indica seed in terms of their surface morphology by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), the presence of functional groups by using Fourier Transform-Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and their surface area by using Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET). The second objective was to determine the optimum dosage and pH of Moringa oleifera and Mangifera indica seeds in coagulation process. The Moringa oleifera seed had spherical structure with small pores on surface while Mangifera indica seed appeared as an irregular granule unit with rough surface. Functional groups that present in Moringa oleifera seed were amine and hydroxyl groups due to the presence of protein while for Mangifera indica were aldehyde and hydroxyl groups due to the presence of starch. The BET surface area of Moringa oleifera was larger than Mangifera indica. The optimum dosages of Moringa oleifera and Mangifera indica were determined by using jar test. Three main parameters that were being studied were turbidity, Total Suspended Solid and pH of synthetic turbid water.
Radio frequency interference (RFI) analysis on dynamic spectum at selected callisto stations using kurtosis analysis
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2018) Zaidatul Nabilah Zainud-din
The Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) nowadays becomes a serious problem and crucial issue in the radio astronomy observation. Compact Astronomical Low-Cost Instrument for Spectroscopy in Transportable Observatories (CALLISTO) is a worldwide network of spectrometer system for the solar activity monitoring. The detection of solar radio bursts are being interrupted due to RFI as which these stations are held on the ground. Since RFI signals are being detected from surrounding, this gives inaccurate data for ground base station observations. RFI sources are mostly come from man-made devices. This research is about the analysis of RFI level at selected CALLISTO stations using Kurtosis Analysis. Data from Banting, Sumedang, Ooty and Daejeon stations for two months ( 45-870MHz) that contain solar burst and no solar burst had been selected. The data obtained, one per 15 minutes of observation with the total 11520 data have been analysed for all stations. The kurtosis value is then compared with the population density to get the relationship between the population density and the RFI level. The RFI will affect the solar burst appearance in the dynamic spectrum. The highest average of kurtosis values indicates the lowest of radio frequency interference at these sites.
Production of activated carbon from waste watemelon peel using microwave pyrolysis
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2016) Lim Xin Yi
Activated carbon represents a porous carbon material with high surface area and porosity. Due to its characteristic of high level of adsorption capacity, it is used widely in many industrial applications such as water treatment, catalysis, fuel cells, and others. A large quantity of watermelon are produced every year in Malaysia which have led to the large quantities of fruit wastes generation and brought adverse impacts to the environment. The waste watermelon peel is normally used as cattle feed and fertilizer while the remaining quantity will be disposed through combustion or landfilling. Recently, pyrolysis is a promising technique to convert the agricultural waste into a useful material instead of discarded to the environment. This study is aimed to evaluate the feasibility of microwave pyrolysis process for the preparation of good quality of activated carbon from waste watermelon peel via chemical activation method. The influences of impregnation ratio on the adsorption capacity, carbon yield, BET surface area, porosity, and thermal stability of activated carbon were investigated. The impregnation ratio is found to have significant effect in producing good quality of activated carbon. It is because impregnation ratio is important for pores development on the activated carbon which in turns affects the adsorption capacity. Impregnation ratio from 100 wt% to 300 wt% were used in each sets of experiment to determine the effects on the quality of activated carbon. In conclusion, waste watermelon peel was anticipated to be a suitable raw material in producing high quality of activated carbon with high content of carbon, thermal stability, BET surface area, and porosity.
The use of moringa oleifera and carica papaya seeds as coagulants in coagulation-flocculation process for water treatment
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2016) Lee Wai Yin
Ultrafiltration is a process which has been employed in many different industries to separate micro-solutes from macromolecules and to polish waste water. The hydrophilicity, porosity and mechanical strength of UF membrane are significant in membrane separation process. Polyethersulfone is a hydrophobic polymer that is prone to membrane fouling especially in protein separations. It is well known that increasing the hydrophilicity of membrane will decrease the hydrophobicity of membranes. Thus, the hybrid membrane between polyethersulfone (PES) and tetraoctylphosphonium bromide (TOPBr) is selected as a way to improve the hydrophilicity as well as thermal and mechanical properties of the native membrane. The objectives of this study are to prepare and characterize PES/TOPBr nanocomposite membrane at different modified nanoclay content by means of functional groups, morphology, thermal, mechanical, water content, porosity, pure water flux and protein separation test which best loading content of TOPBr is identified. The membrane with the best loading content is then analyzed based on protein separation affected by pH and ionic strength. fTIR and XRD results revealed the formation of exfoliated clay mineral layers in PES matrix.
Preparation, characterization and performance of polyethersulfone/teraoctylphoshponium bromide (PES/TOPBr) nanocomposite ultrafiltration membrane in protein separation
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2016) Kuan Shi Yun
Ultrafiltration is a process which has been employed in many different industries to separate micro-solutes from macromolecules and to polish waste water. The hydrophilicity, porosity and mechanical strength of UF membrane are significant in membrane separation process. Polyethersulfone is a hydrophobic polymer that is prone to membrane fouling especially in protein separations. It is well known that increasing the hydrophilicity of membrane will decrease the hydrophobicity of membranes. Thus, the hybrid membrane between polyethersulfone (PES) and tetraoctylphosphonium bromide (TOPBr) is selected as a way to improve the hydrophilicity as well as thermal and mechanical properties of the native membrane. The objectives of this study are to prepare and characterize PES/TOPBr nanocomposite membrane at different modified nanoclay content by means of functional groups, morphology, thermal, mechanical, water content, porosity, pure water flux and protein separation test which best loading content of TOPBr is identified. The membrane with the best loading content is then analyzed based on protein separation affected by pH and ionic strength. fTIR and XRD results revealed the formation of exfoliated clay mineral layers in PES matrix.
Photogration mechnism of methylene blue in high salinity using oxide photocatalyst
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2016) Farahana Atikah Dzulkarnain
Nowadays, the presence of toxic dyes in industrial wastewater is of great concern as they bring significant harm towards human health, aquatic lives and the environment in general. Photoassisted catalytic decomposition of organic pollutants using semiconductors as photocatalysts, has been a promising method for dyeing wastewater treatment, due to its ability of not producing any secondary toxic materials. There are several factors that can influence dye removal efficiency such as salinity, photocatalyst loading, initial concentration of dye and light irradiation time. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the photocatalytic properties of ZnO under various processing conditions, mainly in high salinity condition. The degradation mechanism of methylene blue (MB) dye in high salinity condition by ZnO photocatalyst was investigated. 7. 7 mg/L of MB dye solution was photodegraded under illumination of UV light for up to 150 min in the presence of 1 g/L of ZnO. The salinity of the solution was set at 64.7 g/L NaCl.
Conversion of waste banana peel into activated carbon using microwave pyrolysis
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2016) Elfira Azwar
Biomass recovery is very important in agricultural waste management as it solves the waste disposal problems effectively by not disposing the wastes through current disposal method like landfilling and incineration. The current disposal method produces secondary pollution like leachate, smog and ash which need further treatment. In this experiment, the waste banana peel was converted into activated carbon by chemical activation using microwave pyrolysis. The chemical activation using potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide increases the pore size distribution on the surface of activated carbon. The effect of microwave power towards microwave pyrolysis was studied at several microwave power adjustment (300W, 500W and 700W) to determine highly porous activated carbon.
Chemical characterization and source apportionment of particulate matter (PM) ; pre and post flood Kelantan
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2016) Daryl Lee Jia Jun
Flood is one of the natural disasters that can be contributed by nature itself or through anthropogenic activities. The aftermath of flood are generally followed by unsanitized vicinity, poor water quality, growth of mold and debris. These dried up muds or debris fills the atmosphere with particulate matter (PM) which posts an air pollution concern to the general public. PM is a hazardous pollution which can degrade not only human health but also the surrounding. Hence, the aim of the study is to estimate the composition and sources of PM during pre and post flood in Kelantan. A portion of loaded filter paper with the ambient air quality of flood event was used to carry out water soluble ionic species analysis using ion chromatography. The data sets were then analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and validated by Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) to identify the possible sources of PM based on their chemical species.
Preparation, characterazation and performance of polyvindene fluoride (PVDF)/Tetraoctyl phosphonium bromide (TOPBr) nanocomposite ultrafiltration membrane tpwards protein separation and fouling quantication
(Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 2016) LP 3 PPKK 1 2016
Ultrafiltration (UF) membrane is widely used in much industrial area and applications. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is one of the commonly used materials for membrane due to its excellent properties. However, its hydrophobic nature cause decreasing of the demand and limited applications. Hence, PVDF membrane was selected to study and to synthesis a higher performance membrane. Tetraoctyl phosphonium bromide (TOPBr) was used and acted as a nano-filler material added into PVDF matric in order to obtain hydrophilic surface with antifouling properties of PVDF/TOPBr nanocomposite membrane. Phase inversion process was used for membrane fabrication. The objectives were to characterize PVDF/TOPBr nanocomposite UF membrane in terms of physiochemical (water content, porosity, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), x-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), mechanical properties, and morphology structure by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Performance of membrane towards water permeation and protein separation as well as fouling quantification were studied in this research. The membrane with best composition was chose in terms of its properties and performances. When clay dosage increased, pore size of nanocomposite membrane increased and so this increased its water content and porosity. While mechanical strength and thermal stability of nanocomposite membrane decreased with increased dosage of clay content.

Browse

Recent Submissions