Browsing by Author "MARZUKI ISMAIL"

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    EFFECT OF SALT AND OZONIZED-SLURRY ICE ON THE QUALITY INDICES OF TIGER GROUPER (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus)
    (Journal of Sustainability Science and Management, 2015) NURUL ULFAH KARIM; NASORRIAH NASIR; BUHRI ARIFIN; MARZUKI ISMAIL
    Tiger grouper is a high value of live reef fsh, which mainly exported to Hong Kong, Japan and Singapore. This study was carried out to investigate the quality indices (microbial and chemical) of tiger grouper (Epinephalus fuscoguttatus) stored for 20 days in slurry ice treated with 0.1 mg ozone l-1 (O3) and 3.3% sodium chloride (NaCl). Slurry ice contains 60% ice and 40% water was used as control. All samples were analysed for total aerobic, psychrotrophic bacteria, total volatile based nitrogen (TVBN) and trimethylamine (TMA) at interval of 5 days during 20 days storage. The total bacteria count of tiger grouper treated in slurry ice with O3 (SI+O3) showed signifcantly (p<0.05) decreased to about 0.24 log units compared to controls. However, bacteria counts of tiger grouper treated in slurry ice with NaCl (SI+NaCl) were not signifcantly different from both the controls and SI+O 3 samples. Psychrotrophics bacteria counts were effectively reduced to 0.39 and 0.18 log units after treatment of SI+O 3 and SI+NaCl, respectively. TVBN and TMA contents during 20 days storage for all treatments did not exceed the acceptable limit of 35 mg N 100g-1 and 15 mg N 100g-1, respectively. No signifcant difference (p>0.05) was found between controls and treated samples for TVBN and TMA contents. The combination of the slurry ice and ozone may be recommended for chilling and storage of tiger grouper to improve its storage quality.
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    GROUND-LEVEL OZONE: A THREAT TO RICE CROP IN MUDAIRRIGATION AREA OF PENINSULAR MALAYSIA
    (Journal of Sustainability Science and Management, 2008) MARZUKI ISMAIL; AHMAD MAKMOM ABDULLAH; NUR ZAFIRAH MOHD SOFIAN
    It has long been recognized that pollutant gases cause significant impacts on crops and forests in both developed and developing countries. Ground-level ozone (03) or better known as tropospheric ozone is recognised as the pollutant most likely to cause widespread crop damage. For this pollutant anAOT40 (accumulative 0 3 concentration above a threshold of40 ppb) value causing 5% yield loss for all agricultural crops has been established as 3000 ppbĀ·h, which is applicable during daylight hours over a growing season (UN-ECE, 1996). In order to have a complete estimate ofair pollution damage i.e., 0 3 to paddy plantation area, a dose-response, or yield-loss function have to be developed. In this study, data was gathered from tests in open-top chambers (OTCs), whereby four OTCs were fabricated; two of which were exposed to ambient air pollution (NF) of which ozone is the major perpetrator whilst the remaining were provided with clean air i.e. charcoal filtered air treatment (F). The response ofa popular local rice cultivar, MR.-219 to current ambient air pollution of which 0 3 is the overwhelming dominant pollutant was investigated for five successive seasons in Muda Irrigation Scheme Area (MADA); the largest rice growing area in Malaysia. The results ofthe study clearly indicate that at ozone concentrations even lower than the Malaysian air quality guidelines (60 ppb 8 hr mean) level, there exist a significant impact on the growth and yield ofthe popular rice cultivar MR-219. Even though weeds, diseases, and insect pests were absent, water and nutrients were in abundance, no adverse soil conditions, and that no extreme weather event such as typhoons occurs; the physiological, growth and development performances of rice plants exposed to ambient ozone were found to be significantly (P< 0.05) reduced by AOT40 compared to control rice plants infiltered chamber. This study discovered that the root was the most significantly affected component ofMR-219 rice plant. Meanwhile, reproductive stage is the most vulnerable period of growth to ozone impact followed by grain filling and vegetative stages, respectively.
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    IL-PALM SHELL ACTIVATED CARBON PRODUCTION USING CO 2 EMISSION FROM CaCO 3 CALCINATION
    (Journal of Sustainability Science and Management, 2013) MAHMOOD SULAIMAN*; MARZUKI ISMAIL; AHMAD JUSOH
    The need to capture CO2 emission, the major factor in global warming, from stationary plant is crucial for Malaysia. Cement manufacturing contribute a signifcant amount of this emission due to its calcination process of the limestone. In this study, this CO2 emission was used to activate the oil-palm shell (OPS), which is an abundance waste from palm oil refnery plant. The effciency of the C-CO 2 reaction of the synergetic process was calculated to determine the amount of CO2 emission being used in activating the OPS. The carbonized OPS was heated with CaCO3 in the furnace. The remaining CaCO3 and the generated oil palm shell activated carbon (OPSAC) weight were measured. The column test was used to determine the adsorption capability of the generated OPSAC. It was found that the CO 2 is released slowly at higher than permissible calcination temperature of 848 oC and increased rapidly as the temperature increased. High C-CO2 reaction effciencies above 70 % are attained at 850 oC or with equal weight ratio between CaCO3 and carbonized OPS. The highest experimental adsorption capability at 31.38 mg/g was achieved using 45g CaCO3 at 950 oC, compared to 18 mg/g using commercial activated Oil Palm Shell activated carbon (OPSAC). The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) verifed the increment of the pore area thus the surface area of the generated activated carbon. The experiment proved that the CO2 emission from the calcination can be eliminated by activating the oil palm shell waste.
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    TIME-SERIES ANALYSIS OF GROUND-LEVEL OZONE IN MUDA IRRIGATION SCHEME AREA (MADA), KEDAH.
    (Journal of Sustainability Science and Management, 2011) MARZUKI ISMAIL
    Time-series analysis and forecasting has become a major tool in many applications in air pollution and environmental management fields. The forecast of air pollution can be used as warning to the public and for decision makers to establish strategies and measures in cases of high air-pollution levels. It has long been recognised that pollutant gases cause signifcant impacts on crops and studies conducted revealed that surface ozone is responsible for most of the cropyield losses from air pollutants. Hence, this study aims to ft and exemplify time-series analysis in forecasting ozone concentrations in Sungai Petani, a town situated in the Muda Irrigation Scheme Area (MADA), Kedah. In this study, Box-Jenkins methodology was used to build an Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model for monthly ozone data from 1999-2007 with a total of 108 readings. Parametric seasonally-adjusted ARIMA (1,0,1)x(2,1,2)12 with constant model was successfully applied to predict the long-term trend of ozone concentration. The detection of a steady statistically-significant upward trend for ozone concentration in Sungai Petani is quite alarming because MADA produces 40% of the total rice production in Malaysia. This is likely due to sources of ozone precursors related to industrial activities from nearby areas and the increase in road-traffic volume.