ELUCIDATION OF ANTIBIOFILM FORMATION MECHANISMS USING MARINE EXTRACTS AGAINST INFECTION AND ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE (AMR) ELUCIDATION OF ANTIBIOFILM FORMATION MECHANISMS USING MARINE EXTRACTS AGAINST INFECTION AND ANTIMICROBIAL
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Date
2025-11-24
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UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA TERENGGANU
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as a global health crisis, with methicillinresistant
Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) representing one of the most clinically significant
multidrug-resistant pathogens. In this study, three structurally unique anthracycline
derivatives—keto-ester (1), 4-deoxy-ε-pyrromycinone (2), and misamycin (3)—were first
isolated and characterized from the fermentation broth of the marine-derived Streptomyces
tauricus NBUD24. These compounds exhibited notable antibacterial efficacy against MRSA,
with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 16 to 32 μg/mL. Cytotoxicity
assays confirmed their safety profile at therapeutic concentrations. The biofilm formation
assay demonstrated that 4-deoxy-ε-pyrromycinone inhibited biofilm formation of MRSA
ATCC43300, with an inhibition rate of 64.4%. Investigations of antibacterial mechanisms
revealed that these compounds exert antibacterial effects primarily through disruption of
bacterial cell wall integrity and destruction of DNA structure. These findings underscore
the potential of marine-derived microbial metabolites as promising scaffolds for developing
next-generation antimicrobial candidates to combat drug-resistant infections.
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Keywords
marine natural products, Streptomyces tauricus NBUD24, antibacterial, MRSA, antibiofilm