COMPARISON OF HYDRODISTILLATION METHODS FOR EXTRACTION OF ESSENTIAL OILS FROM BEACKEA FRUTESCENS AND EVALUATION FOR THE ANTIBACTERIAL ACTMTY

Abstract

Essential oils from the leaves of Beackea frutescens were extracted by using three hydrodistillation methods, the Dean-Stark (DS), Clavenger (C) and simultaneous steam distillation extraction (SSDE). The yield of essential oils for each method was 0.32 %, 0.40% and 0.83%, respectively. The essential oils were examined using gas chromatogram and gas chromatographymass spectrometry. Twenty constituent ofthe essential oils were identified. The major compounds were terpinolene (22.33%), t-o.-bisabolene (10.12%), p-cymene (9.85%), linalool (7.32%) and t-caryophyllene (6.06%), o.-bergamotene (2.42%), nerolidol (1.35%). The pure essential oils obtained and four emulsion samples which contained 0.2-0.5% of the essential oils shown antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The inhibition zones were 10.5 -17.0 mm. The inhibition zone exhibited by the emulsion samples varied dependent on the percentage of the essential oil used.