BBA Advances

Abstract

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures can be synthesized in nanoforms of spheres, rods, flowers,disks, walls, etc., among which nanoflowershave gained special attention due to their versatile biomedical and pollutant remedial applications in waste water and air. ZnO nanoflowershave an ultrasmall size with a huge surface area to volume ratio due to their hexagonal petal structures which render them superior compared to the nanoparticles of other shapes. The ZnO nanoflowershave bandgap energy equivalent to a semiconductor that makes them have unique photophysical properties. We have used the appropriate keywords in Google Scholar and PubMed to obtain the recent publications related to our topic. We have selected the relevant papers and utilized them to write this review. The different methods of synthesis of ZnO nanoflowersare chemical vapor deposition, facile hydro- thermal, thermal evaporation, chemical reduction, bio route of synthesis, and solvothermal method, etc. which are mentioned in this review. ZnO nanoparticles are used in paints, cosmetics, and other products due to their high photocatalytic activity. The different applications of ZnO nanoflowersin the diagnosis of disease bio- markers, biosensors, catalysts, and the therapeutic process along with wastewater remediation and gas sensing applications will be discussed in this review.