Future research needs for environmental science in China

Abstract

Environmental science is an interdisciplinary science developed in the process of understanding and solving ecolog- ical and environmental problems. In order to tackle these problems, environmental science research is expected to reveal the source, behavior, fate, exposure, and risks of pollutants in the environment and develop potential solutions to control pollution. It provides the scientific basis for decision-makers to establish environmental and economic poli- cies, and promote concerted efforts for the sustainable development of society. Here, we articulate the development patterns, challenges, and future research needs of environmental science in China based on literature review and expert panel discussion. Environmental science research has evolved significantly in the past decade with an increas- ing diversity of environmental pollutants and health impacts, new technologies and methods, deepening fusion of multiple disciplines, and emerging solutions for pollution control. Its future development relies on the advances in our knowledge on the fate and transport of pollutants, regional environmental processes, ecotoxicological effects, environmental exposure and health effects, environmental analysis and monitoring, source control and reduction, environmental remediation, as well as environmental risk management. For each of these fields, we summarize the significant challenges and highlight the research demands for China. Based on the status quo of China’s environmen- tal science research and future needs, we provide recommendations to promote its future development, including encouraging innovation and interdisciplinary research, providing decision support for national needs, encouraging international collaboration, and improving collaboration mechanisms