Evolusi struktur pertumbuhan ekonomi Malaysia : analisis input output

Abstract

The phase of Malaysia economic that always has been change since an independent day, leads the changing in economic structural. The structural changes in the Malaysia economic can be shown based on unstable economic dependence between sectors during the 1957-2006 periods. As a proof, from First Malaya Plan to First Malaysian Plan the economy depends on agriculture sector. Meanwhile, in the Second Malaysia Plan to Eight Malaysia Plan, Malaysia economy is more focused on manufacturing sector. Now, the focus has been shifted on services sector to develop the economy which emphasize on k­ economic that consists of human capital and biotechnology consumption (RMK.9). Based on these phenomena, this research investigates the effect of structural change in the Malaysia economic growth. Using the four most recent Malaysia input-output tables for the year 1983, 1987, 1991 and 2000, this research also examine the relationship between sectors by using backward and forward linkages. This research also analyzes effect of income multiplier by using the income multiplier method. As a result, the economic dependence from agriculture sectors to the manufacturing sectors able to generate the economic growth. Second, the result shows that the relationship between sectors will lead to change in final demand and will increase the economic growth. Furthermore, an increase in output of each sector will increase the income for each sector. As a conclusion, the empirical evidence shows that the economic structural change play a significant role in generate the economic growth in order to achieve Malaysia as a developed country via the Vision 2020.