http://umt-ir.umt.edu.my:8080/handle/123456789/3227 2026-04-06T07:36:33Z http://umt-ir.umt.edu.my:8080/handle/123456789/14587 Title: Corrosion Protection Of Stainless Steel 316l By Incorporating Zinc Oxide-(Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene)Poly(Styrenesulfonate), Pedot:Pss) Hybrid Nanocomposite In Epoxy Based Coating For Marine Application Authors: Nurul Ain Binti Abdul Rahim Abstract: Stainless steel 316L is extensively used in high performance application due to its good mechanical strength and resistance towards corrosion. However, this type of steel is still tends to undergo pitting and crevice corrosion when exposed to aggressive environment such as marine environment. In this study, a new coating material is formulated to control corrosion by introducing zinc oxide (ZnO) and (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate), PEDOT:PSS) hybrid nanocomposite into epoxy resin based coating. The physiochemical properties of formulated coating and the effect of varied weight percentage (wt.%) of hybrid nanocomposite with immersion time on coating performance is studied. To achieve these objectives, 1 to 5 wt.% ZnO-PEDOT:PSS is mixed and dispersed in epoxy based coating and coated on 316L substrates using brush coating technique. The samples are immersed in real environment for 60 days. The Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope/Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FESEM/EDX), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) analysis showed good compatibility and stability between ZnO and PEDOT:PSS in epoxy based coating while maintained amorphous state of epoxy coating. 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z http://umt-ir.umt.edu.my:8080/handle/123456789/14586 Title: Preparation And Characterization Of Tributyl(Methyl) Phosphonium-, And Tetraoctyl Phosphoniummontmorillonite/ Poly(Methyl Metacrylate) (Pmma) Composites Via Melt Intercalation Technique Authors: Afifah Binti Abu Kasim Abstract: Naturally, Na + Montmorillonite (MMT) has hydrophilic properties due to the presence of inorganic cations on their surface. Thus, the surface modification becomes indispensable to enhance its interfacial interaction with the organic phase. Current commercial organo modified MMT products have stable temperature limitation of about 200 o C. In order to improve its thermal stability, this study proposed surface modification of MMT by using alkylphosphonium as surfactant due to the participation of its low energy d-orbitals in the processes of making and breaking bonds, which inhibits decomposition from easily occurring. Two types of alkylphosphonium surfactants; tributyl(methyl) phosphonium (TBMP) and tetraoctyl phosphonium (TOP) were used in this study as surface modifier of MMT via ion exchange reaction. The OMMT’s formed characterized by TGA, XRD, FTIR, elemental analysis (CHNS) and ASAP analysis. The successful insertion of TBMP and TOP ions into the interlayer of MMT increased the interlayer distance and altered the nature of Na + -MMT from hydrophilic to organophilic MMT (OMMT) as well as exhibited substantially higher thermal stability in organic region in TGA thermogram compared to the commercial alkylammonium MMT. OMMT’s were then underwent melt intercalation technique as nanofiller in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z http://umt-ir.umt.edu.my:8080/handle/123456789/14580 Title: Establishment Of Tissue Culture Technique Towards Transformation Of Oryza Sativa With Omega-3 Desaturase Gene Authors: Muhammad Haziq Syahir Bin Khaizuran Abstract: Salinity stress in paddy field had retarded the annual rice productivity influenced by ionic imbalance, physiological damage and biochemical breakdown. Few reports had categorized rice as a salt sensitive crop manifested in slow vegetative growth rate and delayed reproductive stage. In parallel towards high rice market demands, the establishment of new rice variety with high tolerance towards salt is important to overcome the tragic rice agriculture lost due to soil problems. The opening of newly paddy arable land is impossible due to urbanization. Instead of an exploitation of plant genetic sources in conventional crop breeding, advances in molecular breeding should be priority due wider genetic materials. Omega-3-Fatty Acid Desaturase (ω3-FAD) gene from marine microalgae Chorella Vulgaris strain UMT-M1 was employed in this study as a desired insert as the gene clustered as a saline-combat regulator. An initiative in this new variety production require the optimization of powerful tissue culture protocol. 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z http://umt-ir.umt.edu.my:8080/handle/123456789/14241 Title: Development of investment casting molds based on Terengganu silica sand for aluminum and copper alloys Authors: Siti Zaleha Mohd Nor Abstract: The research reported in this thesis has four main objectives. These include to investigate the chemical composition and structural properties of Terengganu local silica sand for foundry use, to develop a suitable investment casting mold formulations, to investigate the thermal and mechanical properties of the developed mold and to recommend a suitable formulation and casting procedures for both of aluminium and copper alloy. The study was conducted in two main phases, where the first phase emphasized on the development of Terengganu silica sand as a mold material while the second phase focused on the application of the developed mold in investment casting process. With the silica content more than 97% and Grain Fineness Number (GFN) of 57 and 49, Kuala Abang and Jambu Bongkok silica were found the most appropriate silica as they can be used directly without the need to grind first. Then, using these silica as a refractory material and plaster of paris (POP) as a binder, several formulations were developed. The compositions used were 75% silica, 25% POP and 31 - 37% water. Silica percentage was also varied from 60 - 85% with POP content changing from 15 - 40%. 2017-03-01T00:00:00Z