Aquaculture in Africa: Reasons for Failures and Ingredients for Success

Abstract

Whereas aquaculture has become the fastest growing food activity in the world in the past three decades, in Africa in general, and in sub-Saharan Africa in particular, it has been notable for its weak and erratic growth. Recognizing the genuine potential for aquaculture to contribute greatly to food security, poverty reduction, and the continent’s economic growth, policy makers and development planners in Africa recognize the need to ensure sustainable development of the sector. This paper discusses the developments that have occurred in aquaculture over the past 20 years in Africa, analyzes the reasons behind the various successes and failures that have transpired, and suggests the way forward, arguing that economic and public sector policy instruments that attract private investments and make the industry competitive at home and abroad are key ingredients to success. It then discusses unexplored private investment opportunities in the sector.